China Electronic Warehouse Receipts

China's ten-agency Provisions on Promoting and Regulating the Application of Electronic Documents, Order No. 22, took effect on 1 September 2026. The regulation creates a valuable research and pilot context for OpenETR warehouse receipts because it separately addresses transferable-document control, user identity, and reliable-system considerations.

The official Chinese text includes requirements concerning document uniqueness, exclusive control, controller identification, transfer of control, identity verification, traceability, security, continuity, and audit.

OpenETR Mapping Direction

The technical mapping will examine:

Digital Artifact digest
  -> DCR evidence
  -> derived controller and exclusive-control state
  -> transfer, pledge, discharge, and termination

It will separately examine:

user identity verification
  -> warehouse-operator recognition
  -> operating and custody controls
  -> audit and reliable-system evidence
  -> legal recognition and effect

Central Research Question

OpenETR permits identical copies of a Digital Artifact because they resolve to the same content digest. Originality comes from consequential state, not copy prevention.

The central question is whether legal uniqueness under the Chinese regime can be satisfied by singular, verifiable consequential and control state. That is a plausible technical interpretation, but it requires Chinese legal or regulatory validation before being presented as a compliance conclusion.

OpenETR does not currently claim that a valid DCR, a public relay pool, or a signing key independently satisfies the regulation's complete requirements.

Read the detailed China electronic warehouse-receipt review note.